BACKGROUND
1904 - The Japanese destroyed the Russian navy in
a surprise attack in undeclared war.
1932 - In The Grand Joint Army Navy Exercises the
attacker, Admiral Yarnell, attacked with 152 planes a half-hour before
dawn 40 miles NE of Kahuku Point and caught the defenders of Pearl Harbor
completely by surprise. It was a Sunday.
1938 - Admiral Ernst King led a carrier-born airstrike
from the USS Saratoga successfully against Pearl Harbor in another exercise.
1940 - FDR ordered the fleet transferred from the
West Coast to its exposed position in Hawaii and ordered the fleet remain
stationed at Pearl Harbor over complaints by its commander Admiral Richardson
that there was inadequate protection from air attack and no protection
from torpedo attack. Richardson felt so strongly that he twice disobeyed
orders to berth his fleet there and he raised the issue personally with
FDR in October and he was soon after replaced. His successor, Admiral Kimmel,
also brought up the same issues with FDR in June 1941.
7 Oct 1940 - Navy IQ analyst McCollum wrote an 8 point
memo on how to force Japan into war with US. Beginning the next day FDR
began to put them into effect and all 8 were eventually accomplished.
11 November 1940 - 21 aged British planes destroyed
the Italian fleet, including 3 battleships, at their homeport in the harbor
of Taranto in Southern Italy by using technically innovative shallow-draft
torpedoes.
11 February 1941 - FDR proposed sacrificing 6 cruisers
and 2 carriers at Manila to get into war. Navy Chief Stark objected: "I
have previously opposed this and you have concurred as to its unwisdom.
Particularly do I recall your remark in a previous conference when Mr.
Hull suggested (more forces to Manila) and the question arose as to getting
them out and your 100% reply, from my standpoint, was that you might not
mind losing one or two cruisers, but that you did not want to take a chance
on losing 5 or 6." (Charles Beard PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT AND THE COMING OF
WAR 1941, p 424)
March 1941 - FDR sold munitions and convoyed them to belligerents
in Europe -- both acts of war and both violations of international law
-- the Lend-Lease Act.
23 Jun 1941 - Advisor Harold Ickes wrote FDR a memo the
day after Germany invaded the Soviet Union, "There might develop from the
embargoing of oil to Japan such a situation as would make it not only possible
but easy to get into this war in an effective way. And if we should thus
indirectly be brought in, we would avoid the criticism that we had gone
in as an ally of communistic Russia." FDR was pleased with Admiral Richmond
Turner's report read July 22: "It is generally believed that shutting off
the American supply of petroleum will lead promptly to the invasion of
Netherland East Indies...it seems certain she would also include military
action against the Philippine Islands, which would immediately involve
us in a Pacific war." On July 24 FDR told the Volunteer Participation Committee,
"If we had cut off the oil off, they probably would have gone down to the
Dutch East Indies a year ago, and you would have had war." The next day
FDR froze all Japanese assets in US cutting off their main supply of oil
and forcing them into war with the US. Intelligence information was withheld
from Hawaii from this point forward.
14 August - After the Atlantic Conference, Churchill noted
the "astonishing depth of Roosevelt's intense desire for war." Churchill
cabled his cabinet "(FDR) obviously was very determined that they should
come in."
18 October - diary entry by Secretary of Interior Harold
Ickes: "For a long time I have believed that our best way to enter the
war would be by way of Japan."
CODES
Purple Code - the top Japanese diplomatic machine cipher
which used automatic telephone switches to separately and differently encipher
each character sent. It was cracked by the Army Signal Intelligence Service
(331 men).
J-19 was the main Japanese diplomatic code book. This
columnar code was cracked.
JN-25 - The Japanese Fleet's Cryptographic System, a.k.a.
5 number code (Sample).
JN stands for Japanese Navy, introduced 1 June 1939. This was a very simple
old-type code book system used by the American Army and Navy in 1898 and
abandoned in 1917 because it was insecure. Version A has a dictionary of
5,600 numbers, words and phrases, each given as a five figure number. These
were super-enciphered by addition to random numbers contained in a second
code book. The dictionary was only changed once before PH on Dec 1, 1940,
to a slightly larger version B but the random book was changed every 3
to 6 months- last on Aug 1. The Japanese blundered away the code when they
introduced JN25-B by continuing to use, for 2 months, random books that
had been previously solved by the Allies. That was the equivalent of handing
over the JN-25B codebook. It was child's play for the Navy group OP-20-G
(738 men whose primary responsibility was Japanese naval codes) to reconstruct
the exposed dictionary. We recovered the whole thing immediately - in 1994
the NSA published that JN-25B was completely cracked in December 1940.
In January 1941 the US gave Britain two JN-25B code books with keys and
techniques for deciphering. The entire Pearl Harbor scheme was laid out
in this code. The official US Navy statement on JN-25B is the NAVAL SECURITY
GROUP HISTORY TO WORLD WAR II prepared by Captain J. Holtwick in June 1971
who quotes Captain Safford, the chief of OP-20-G, on page 398: "By 1 December
1941 we had the code solved to a readable extent." Churchill wrote "From
the end of 1940 the Americans had pierced the vital Japanese ciphers, and
were decoding large numbers of their military and diplomatic telegrams."(GRAND
ALLIANCE p 598) Safford reported that during 1941 "The Navy COMINT team
did a thorough job on the Japanese Navy with no help from the Army."(SRH-149)
" ... many pattern messages could be read practically entire with as few
as 1500 meanings." (NSA).
In 1979 the NSA released 2,413 JN-25 orders of the
26,581 intercepted by US between Sept 1 and Dec 4, 1941. The NSA says "We
know now that they contained important details concerning the existence,
organization, objective, and even the whereabouts of the Pearl Harbor Strike
Force." (Parker p 21) Of the over thousand radio messages sent by Tokyo
to the attack fleet, only 20 are in the National Archives. All messages
to the attack fleet were sent several times, at least one message was sent
every odd hour of the day and each had a special serial number. Starting
in early November 1941 when the attack fleet assembled and started receiving
radio messages, OP-20-G stayed open 24 hours a day and the "First Team"
of codebreakers worked on JN-25. In November and early December 1941, OP-20-G
spent 85 percent of its effort reading Japanese Navy traffic, 12 percent
on Japanese diplomatic traffic and 3 percent on German naval codes. FDR
was personally briefed twice a day on JN-25 traffic by his aide, Captain
John Beardell, and demanded to see the original raw messages in English.
The US Government refuses to identify or declassify any pre-Dec 7, 1941
decrypts of JN-25 on the basis of national security, a half-century after
the war.
AD or Administrative Code wrongly called Admiralty Code
was an old four character transposition code used for personnel matters.
No important messages were sent in this weak code. Introduced Nov 1938,
it was seldom used after Dec 1940.
Magic - the security designation given to all
decoded
Japanese diplomatic messages. It's hard not to conclude with historians
like Charles Bateson that "Magic standing alone points so irresistibly
to the Pearl Harbor attack that it is inconceivable anybody could have
failed to forecast the Japanese move." The NSA reached the same conclusion
in 1955.
Ultra - the security designation for military codes.
No Pearl Harbor investigation discussed Ultra even though on June 7, 1942
the Chicago Tribune and six other newspapers betrayed the fact we were
reading JN-25.
WARNINGS
Warnings do no harm and might do inexpressible good
27 January 1941, Dr. Ricardo Shreiber, the Peruvian envoy
in Tokyo told Max Bishop, third secretary of the US embassy that he had
just learned from his intelligence sources that there was a war plan involving
a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor. This information was sent to the State
Department and Naval Intelligence and to Admiral Kimmel at Hawaii.
31 March 1941 - A Navy report by Bellinger and Martin
predicted that if Japan made war on the US, they would strike Pearl Harbor
without warning at dawn with aircraft from a maximum of 6 carriers. For
years Navy planners had assumed that Japan, on the outbreak of war, would
strike the American fleet wherever it was. The fleet was the only threat
to Japan's plans. Logically, Japan couldn't engage in any major operation
with the American fleet on its flank. The strategic options for the Japanese
were not unlimited.
10 July - US Military Attache Smith-Hutton at Tokyo reported
Japanese Navy secretly practicing aircraft torpedo attacks against capital
ships in Ariake Bay. The bay closely resembles Pearl Harbor.
July - The US Military Attache in Mexico forwarded a report
that the Japanese were constructing special small submarines for attacking
the American fleet in Pearl Harbor, and that a training program then under
way included towing them from Japan to positions off the Hawaiian Islands,
where they practiced surfacing and submerging.
10 August 1941, the top British agent, code named "Tricycle",
Dusko Popov, told the FBI of the planned attack on Pearl Harbor and that
it would be soon. The FBI told him that his information was "too precise,
too complete to be believed. The questionnaire plus the other information
you brought spell out in detail exactly where, when, how, and by whom we
are to be attacked. If anything, it sounds like a trap." He also reported
that a senior Japanese naval person had gone to Taranto to collect all
secret data on the attack there and that it was of utmost importance to
them. The info was given to Naval IQ.
Early in the Fall, Kilsoo Haan, an agent for the Sino-Korean
People's League, told Eric Severeid of CBS that the Korean underground
in Korea and Japan had positive proof that the Japanese were going to attack
Pearl Harbor before Christmas. Among other things, one Korean had actually
seen the plans. In late October, Haan finally convinced US Senator Guy
Gillette that the Japanese were planning to attack in December or January.
Gillette alerted the State Department, Army and Navy Intelligence and FDR
personally.
24 September 1941, the " bomb plot" message in J-19
code from Japan Naval Intelligence to Japan' s consul general in Honolulu
requesting grid of exact locations of ships pinpointed for the benefit
of bombardiers and torpedo pilots was deciphered. There was no reason to
know the EXACT location of ships in harbor, unless to attack them - it
was a dead giveaway. Chief of War Plans Turner and Chief of Naval Operations
Stark repeatedly kept it and warnings based on it prepared by Safford and
others from being passed to Hawaii. The chief of Naval Intelligence Captain
Kirk was replaced because he insisted on warning HI. It was lack of information
like this that lead to the exoneration of the Hawaii commanders and the
blaming of Washington for unpreparedness for the attack by the Army Board
and Navy Court. At no time did the Japanese ever ask for a similar bomb
plot for any other American military installation. Why the Roosevelt administration
allowed flagrant Japanese spying on PH has never been explained, but they
blocked 2 Congressional investigations in the fall of 1941 to allow it
to continue. The bomb plots were addressed to "Chief of 3rd Bureau, Naval
General Staff", marked Secret Intelligence message, and given special
serial numbers, so their significance couldn't be missed. There were about
95 ships in port. The text was:
"Strictly secret.
"Henceforth, we
would like to have you make reports concerning vessels
along the following
lines insofar as possible:
"1. The waters
(of Pearl Harbor) are to be divided roughly into five
subareas (We
have no objections to your abbreviating as much as you like.)
"Area A. Waters
between Ford Island and the Arsenal.
"Area B. Waters
adjacent to the Island south and west of Ford Island.
(This area is
on the opposite side of the Island from Area A.)
"Area C. East
Loch.
"Area D. Middle
Loch.
"Area E. West
Loch and the communication water routes.
"2. With regard
to warships and aircraft carriers, we would like to have
you report on
those at anchor (these are not so important) tied up at
wharves, buoys
and in docks. (Designate types and classes briefly. If
possible we would
like to have you make mention of the fact when
there are two
or more vessels along side the same wharf.)" |
Simple traffic analysis of the accelerated frequency of
messages from various Japanese consuls gave a another identification of
war preparations, from Aug-Dec there were 6 messages from Seattle, 18 from
Panama, 55 from Manila and 68 from Hawaii.
Oct. - Soviet top spy Richard Sorge, the greatest spy
in history, informed Kremlin that Pearl Harbor would be attacked within
60 days. Moscow informed him that this was passed to the US. Interestingly,
all references to Pearl Harbor in the War Department's copy of Sorge's
32,000 word confession to the Japanese were deleted. NY Daily News, 17
May 1951.
16 Oct. - FDR grossly humiliated Japan's Ambassador and
refused to meet with Premier Konoye to engineer the war party, lead by
General Tojo, into power in Japan.
1 Nov. - JN-25 Order to continue drills against anchored
capital ships to prepare to "ambush and completely destroy the US enemy."
The message included references to armor-piercing bombs and 'near surface
torpedoes.'
13 Nov. - The German Ambassador to US, Dr. Thomsen an
anti-Nazi, told OSS that Pearl Harbor would be attacked.
14 Nov. - Japanese Merchant Marine was alerted that wartime
recognition signals would be in effect Dec 1.
22 Nov. - Tokyo said to Ambassador Nomura in Washington
about extending the deadline for negotiations to November 29: "...this
time we mean it, that the deadline absolutely cannot be changed. After
that things are automatically going to happen."
CIA Director Allen Dulles told people that US was warned
in mid-November that the Japanese Fleet had sailed east past Tokyo Bay
and was going to attack Pearl Harbor. FOIA #F-1998-00977.
23 Nov. - JN25 order - "The first air attack has been
set for 0330 hours on X-day." (Tokyo time or 8 A.M. Honolulu time)
25 Nov. - British decrypted the Winds setup message sent
Nov. 19. The US decoded it Nov. 28. It was a J-19 Code message that there
would be an attack and that the signal would come over Radio Tokyo as a
weather report - rain meaning war, east (Higashi) meaning US.
25 Nov. - Secretary of War Stimson noted in his diary
"FDR stated that we were likely to be attacked perhaps as soon as next
Monday." FDR asked: "the question was how we should maneuver them into
the position of firing the first shot without too much danger to ourselves.
In spite of the risk involved, however, in letting the Japanese fire the
first shot, we realized that in order to have the full support of the American
people it was desirable to make sure that the Japanese be the ones to do
this so that there should remain no doubt in anyone's mind as to who were
the aggressors."
25 Nov. - Navy Department ordered all US trans-Pacific
shipping to take the southern route. PHH 12:317 ADM Turner testified "We
sent the traffic down to the Torres Straight, so that the track of the
Japanese task force would be clear of any traffic." PHH 4:1942
25 Nov. - Yamamoto gave this order in JN-25: " (a) The
task force, keeping its movements strictly secret and maintaining close
guard against submarines and aircraft, shall advance into Hawaiian waters
and upon the very opening of hostilities, shall attack the main force of
the United States Fleet in Hawaii and deal it a mortal blow. The raid is
planned for dawn on X-day -- exact date to be given by later order. (b)
Should the negotiations with the US prove successful, the task force shall
hold itself in readiness forthwith to return and reassemble. (c) The task
force will move out of Hitokappu Wan on the morning of 26 November and
advance to the standing-by position on the afternoon of 4 December and
speedily complete refueling." ( Order
to sail - scan from the PHA Congressional Hearings Report, vol 1 p
180, transcript p 437-8) This was decoded by the British on November 25
and the Dutch on November 27. When it was decoded by the US is a national
secret, however, on November 26 Naval Intelligence reported the concentration
of units of the Japanese fleet at an unknown port ready for offensive action.
26 Nov. 3 A.M. - Churchill sent an urgent secret message
to FDR, probably containing above message. This message caused the greatest
agitation in DC. Of Churchill's voluminous correspondence with FDR, this
is the only message that has not been released (on the grounds that it
would damage national security). Stark testified that "On November 26 there
was received specific evidence of the Japanese intention to wage offensive
war against Great Britain and the United States." C.I.A. Director William
Casey, who was in the OSS in 1941, in his book THE SECRET WAR AGAINST HITLER,
p 7, wrote "The British had sent word that a Japanese fleet was steaming
east toward Hawaii." Washington, in an order of Nov 26, ordered both US
aircraft carriers, the Enterprise and the Lexington out of Pearl Harbor
"as soon as possible". This order included stripping Pearl of 50 planes
or 40 percent of its already inadequate fighter protection. In response
to Churchill's message, FDR secretly cabled him that afternoon - "Negotiations
off. Services expect action within two weeks." Note that the only way FDR
could have linked negotiations with service action, let alone have known
the timing of the action, was if he had the message to sail. In other words,
the only service action contingent on negotiations was Pearl Harbor.
26 Nov. - the "most fateful document " was
Hull's
ultimatum that Japan must withdraw from Indochina and all China. FDR's
Ambassador to Japan called this "The document that touched the button that
started the war."
27 Nov. - Secretary of War Stimson sent a confused and
confusing
hostile
action possible or DO-DON'T warning. The Navy Court found this message
directed attention away from Pearl Harbor, rather than toward it. One purpose
of the message was to mislead HI into believing negotiations were continuing.
The Army which could not do recon was ordered to and the Navy which could
was ordered not to. The Army was ordered on sabotage alert, which specifically
precluded attention to outside threat. Navy attention was misdirected 5000
miles from HI. DC repeated, no less than three times as a direct instruction
of the President, "The US desires that Japan commit the first overt act
Period." It was unusual that FDR directed this warning, a routine matter,
to Hawaii which is proof that he knew other warnings were not sent. A simple
question--what Japanese "overt act" was FDR expecting at Pearl Harbor?
He ordered sabotage prevented and subs couldn't enter, that leaves air
attack. The words "overt act" disclose FDR's intent - not just that Japan
be allowed to attack but that they inflict damage on the fleet. This FDR
order to allow a Japanese attack was aid to the enemy - explicit treason.
29 Nov.- Hull sat in Layfayette Park across from the White
House with ace United Press reporter Joe Leib and showed him a message
stating that Pearl Harbor would be attacked on December 7. This could well
have been the Nov. 26 message from Churchill. The New York Times in its
12/8/41 PH report on page 13 under the headline "Attack Was Expected" stated
the US had known that Pearl Harbor was going to be attacked the week before.
Perhaps Leib wasn't the only reporter Hull told.
29 Nov. - U.S. made a telephone intercept of an uncoded
plain-text Japanese conversation in which an Embassy functionary (Kurusu)
asked 'Tell me, what zero hour is. Otherwise, I won't be able to carry
on diplomacy.' The voice from Tokyo (K. Yamamoto) said softly, 'Well then,
I will tell you. Zero hour is December 8 (Tokyo time, ie, December 7 US
time) at Pearl Harbor'.
30 Nov. US Time (or 1 Dec. Tokyo time) - The Japanese
fleet was radioed this Imperial Naval Order (JN-25): "JAPAN, UNDER THE
NECESSITY OF HER SELF-PRESERVATION AND SELF-DEFENSE, HAS REACHED A POSITION
TO DECLARE WAR ON THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA."
(Congress Appendix D, p 415). US ally China also recovered it in plain
text from a shot-down Japanese Army plane near Canton that evening. This
caused an emergency Imperial Conference because they knew the Chinese would
give the information to GB and US. In a related J-19 message the next day,
the US translated elaborate instructions from Japan dealing in precise
detail with the method of internment of American and British nationals
in Asia "on the outbreak of war with England and the United States"
1 Dec. - Office of Naval Intelligence, ONI, Twelfth Naval
District in San Francisco found the missing Japanese fleet by correlating
reports from the four wireless news services and several shipping companies
that they were getting strange signals west of Hawaii. The Soviet Union
also knew the exact location of the Japanese fleet because they asked the
Japanese in advance to let one of their ships pass (Layton p 261). This
info was most likely given to them by US because Sorge's spy ring was rolled
up November 14. All long-range PBY patrols from the Aleutians were ordered
stopped on Dec 6 to prevent contact.
1 Dec. - Foreign Minister Togo cabled Washington Ambassador
Nomura to continue negotiations "to prevent the U.S. from becoming unduly
suspicious."
1 Dec. - The tanker
Shiriya, which had been added
to the Striking Force in an order intercepted Nov 14, radioed "proceeding
to a position 30.00 N, 154.20 E. Expect to arrive at that point on 3 December."
(near HI) The fact that this message is in the National Archives destroys
the myth that the attack fleet maintained radio silence. They were not
ordered to (Order 820). Serial numbers prove that the Striking Force sent
over 663 radio messages between Nov 16 and Dec 7 or about 1 per hour. The
NSA has not released any raw intercepts because the headers would prove
that the Striking Force did not maintain radio silence. On Nov 29 the Hiyei
sent one message to the Commander of the 3rd fleet; on Nov 30 the Akagi
sent several messages to its tankers - see page 474 of the Hewitt Report.
Stinnett in DAY OF DECEIT (p 209) found over 100 messages from the Striking
Force in the National Archives. All Direction Finding reports from HI have
been crudely cut out. Reports from Dec 5 show messages sent from the Striking
Force picked up by Station Cast, P.I.
From traffic analysis, HI reported
that the carrier force was at sea and in the North. THE MOST AMAZING FACT
is that in reply to that report, MacArthur's command sent a series of three
messages, Nov 26, 29, Dec 2, to HI lying about the location of the carrier
fleet - saying it was in the South China Sea. This false information, which
the NSA calls inexplicable, was the true reason that HI was caught unawares.
Duane Whitlock, who is still alive in Iowa, sent those messages.
There were a large number of other messages that gave
the location of the Striking Force by alluding to the Aleutians, the North
Pacific and various weather systems near HI.
1 Dec. - FDR cut short his scheduled ten day vacation
after 1 day to meet with Hull and Stark. The result of this meeting was
reported on 2 Dec. by the Washington Post: "President Roosevelt yesterday
assumed direct command of diplomatic and military moves relating to Japan."
This politically damaging move was necessary to prevent the mutiny of conspirators.
1 Dec. 3:30 P.M. FDR read Foreign Minister Togo's message
to his ambassador to Germany: "Say very secretly to them that there is
extreme danger between Japan & Anglo-Saxon nations through some clash
of arms, add that the time of this war may come quicker than anyone dreams."
This was in response to extreme German pressure on November 29 for Japan
to strike the US and promises to join with Japan in war against the US.
The second of its three parts has never been released. The message says
it contains the plan of campaign. This is 1 of only 3 known DIPLOMATIC
intercepts that specified PH as target. It was so interesting, FDR kept
a copy.
2 Dec. 2200 Tokyo time- Here is a typical JN-25 ships-in-harbor
report sent to attack fleet, words in parenthesis were in the original:
"Striking Force telegram No. 994. Two battleships (Oklahoma, Nevada), 1
aircraft carrier (Enterprise) 2 heavy cruisers, 12 destroyers sailed. The
force that sailed on 22 November returned to port. Ships at anchor Pearl
Harbor p.m. 28 November were 6 battleships (2 Maryland class, 2 California
class, 2 Pennsylvania class), 1 aircraft carrier (Lexington), 9 heavy cruisers
(5 San Fransisco class, 3 Chicago class, 1 Salt Lake class), 5 light cruisers
(4 Honolulu class, 1 Omaha class)"
2 Dec. - Commander of the Combined Imperial Fleet Yamamoto
radioed the attack fleet in plain (uncoded) Japanese
Climb Niitakayama 1208 (Dec 8 Japanese time, Dec 7 our time). Thus
the US knew EXACTLY when the war would start. Even HI knew. Mount Niitaka
was the highest mountain in the Japanese Empire - 13,113 feet.
2 Dec. - General Hein Ter Poorten, the commander of the
Netherlands East Indies Army gave the Winds setup message to the US War
Department. The Dutch intercept station was Kamer 14 on Java. The Dutch,
British and Americans all had liaison officers at each others' Far Eastern
code centers and secret radio contact with each other (British FECB at
Singapore; and US at Station Cast, Philippines) throughout 1941. These
centers helped each other. The Australians had a center in Melbourne and
the Chinese also broke JN-25. A Dutch sub had visually tracked the attack
fleet to the Kurile Islands in early November and this info was passed
to DC, but DC did not give it to HI. The intercepts the Dutch gave the
US are still classified in RG 38, Box 792.
2 Dec - Japanese order No. 902 specified that old JN-25
additive tables version 7 would continue to be used alongside version 8
when the latter was introduced on December 4. This means the US read all
messages to the Striking Force through the attack.
4 Dec. - In the early hours, Ralph Briggs at the Navy's
East Coast Intercept station, received the "East Winds, Rain" message,
the Winds Execute, which meant war. He put it on the TWX circuit immediately
and called his commander. This message was deleted from the files. One
of the main coverups of Pearl Harbor was to make this message disappear.
Japanese Dispatch # 7001. In response to the Winds Execute, the Office
of US Naval IQ had all Far Eastern stations (Hawaii not informed) destroy
their codes and classified documents including the Tokyo Embassy.
4 Dec. - Kilsoo Haan called Maxwell Hamilton at the State
Department and told him that the Korean underground had information that
the Japanese would attack Pearl Harbor the coming weekend.
4 Dec. - The Dutch invoked the ADB joint defense agreement
when the Japanese crossed the magic line of 100 East and 10 North. The
U.S. was at war with Japan 3 days before they were at war with us.
4 Dec. - General Ter Poorten sent all the details of the
Winds Execute command to Colonel Weijerman, the Dutch military attache'
in Washington to pass on to the highest military circles. Weijerman personally
gave it to Marshall, Chief of Staff of the War Department.
4 Dec - US General Thorpe at Java sent four messages warning
of the PH attack. DC ordered him to stop sending warnings.
5 Dec. - All Japanese international shipping had returned
to home port.
5 December - In the morning FDR dictated a letter to Wendell
Wilkie for the Australian Prime Minister, "There is always the Japanese
to consider. The situation is definitely serious and there might be an
armed clash at any moment...Perhaps the next four or five days will decide
the matters."
5 Dec. - At a Cabinet meeting, Secretary of the Navy Knox
said, "Well, you know Mr. President, we know where the Japanese fleet is?"
"Yes, I know" said FDR. " I think we ought to tell everybody just how ticklish
the situation is. We have information as Knox just mentioned...Well, you
tell them what it is, Frank." Knox became very excited and said, "Well,
we have very secret information that the Japanese fleet is out at sea.
Our information is..." and then a scowling FDR cut him off. (Infamy,
Toland, 1982, ch 14 sec 5)
5 Dec. - Washington Star reporter Constantine Brown quotes
a friend in his book The Coming of the Whirlwind p 291, "This is
it! The Japs are ready to attack. We've broken their code, and we've read
their ORDERS."
5 Dec. - Lt. Howard Brown of Station Cast in the Philippines
received urgent request from Washington to listen for a short message from
Tokyo which ended with the English word "stop". He heard the message at
11:30 PM Hawaiian time Dec 6. This is the Hidden Word Code set up in a
message of November 27 (e.g. in code, Roosevelt=Miss Kimiko). The message
was: "Relations between Japan and the following countries are on the brink
of catastrophe: Britain and the United States."
6 December - This 18 November J19 message was translated
by the Army:
"1. The warships at anchor in the Harbor on the 15th
were as I told you in my No.219 on that day. Area A -- A battleship of
the Oklahoma class entered and one tanker left port. Area C -- 3 warships
of the heavy cruiser class were at anchor.
2. On the 17th the Saratoga was not in harbor. The
carrier Enterprise, or some other vessel was in Area C. Two heavy cruisers
of the Chicago class, one of the Pensacola class were tied up at docks
'KS'. 4 merchant vessels were at anchor in area D.
3. At 10:00 A.M. on the morning of the 17th, 8 destroyers
were observed entering the Harbor..." Of course this information was not
passed to HI.
6 Dec. - A Dec 2 request from Tokyo to HI for information
about the absence of barrage balloons, anti-torpedo nets and air recon
was translated by the Army.
6 Dec. - at 9:30 P.M FDR read the first 13 parts of the
decoded Japanese diplomatic declaration of war and said "This means war."
What kind of President would do nothing? When he returned to his 34 dinner
guests he said, "The war starts tomorrow."
6 Dec. - the war cabinet: FDR, top advisor Hopkins, Stimson,
Marshall, Secretary of the Navy Knox, with aides John McCrea and Frank
Beatty "deliberately sat through the night of 6 December 1941 waiting for
the Japs to strike." (Infamy ch 16 sec 2)
7 December - A message from the Japanese Consul in Budapest
to Tokyo:
"On the 6th, the American Minister presented to the
Government of this country a British Government communique to the effect
that a state of war would break out on the 7th." The communique was the
Dec 5th war alert from the British Admiralty. It has disappeared. This
triple priority alert was delivered to FDR personally. The Mid-East British
Air Marshall told Col. Bonner Fellers on Saturday that he had received
a secret signal that America was coming into the war in 24 hours. Churchill
summarized the message in GRAND ALLIANCE page 601 as listing the two fleets
attacking British targets and "Other Japanese fleets...also at sea on other
tasks." There only were three other fleets- for Guam, the Philippines and
HI. 2 paragraphs of the alert, British targets only, are printed in AT
DAWN WE SLEPT, Prange, p 464. There is no innocent purpose for our government
to hide this document.
7 December 1941 very early Washington time, there were
two Marines, an emergency special detail, stationed outside the Japanese
Naval Attache's door. 9:30 AM Aides begged Stark to send a warning to Hawaii.
He did not. 10 AM FDR read the 14th part, 11 A.M. FDR read the 15th part
setting the time for the declaration of war to be delivered to the State
Department at 1 PM, about dawn Pearl Harbor time, and did nothing. Navy
Secretary Knox was given the 15th part at 11:15 A.M. with this note from
the Office of Naval IQ: "This means a sunrise attack on Pearl Harbor today."
Naval IQ also transmitted this prediction to Hull and about 8 others, including
the White House (PHH 36:532). At 10:30 AM Bratton informed Marshall that
he had a most important message (the 15th part) and would bring it to Marshall's
quarters but Marshall said he would take it at his office. At 11:25 Marshall
reached his office according to Bratton. Marshall testified that he had
been riding horses that morning but he was contradicted by Harrison, McCollum,
and Deane. Marshall who had read the first 13 parts by 10 PM the prior
night, perjured himself by denying that he had even received them. Marshall,
in the face of his aides' urgent supplications that he warn Hawaii, made
strange delays including reading and re-reading all of the 10 minute long
14 Part Message (and some parts several times) which took an hour and refused
to use the scrambler phone on his desk, refused to send a warning by the
fast, more secure Navy system but sent Bratton three times to inquire how
long it would take to send his watered down warning - when informed it
would take 30 or 40 minutes by Army radio, he was satisfied (that meant
he had delayed enough so the warning wouldn't reach Pearl Harbor until
after the 1 PM Washington time deadline). The warning was in fact sent
commercial without priority identification and arrived 6 hours late. This
message reached all other addressees, like the Philippines and Canal Zone,
in a timely manner.
7 December - 7:55 A.M. Hawaii time AIR RAID PEARL HARBOR.
THIS IS NOT DRILL.
7 December - 1:50 P.M. Washington time. Harry Hopkins,
who was the only person with FDR when he received the news of the attack
by telephone from Knox, wrote that FDR was unsurprised and expressed "great
relief." Eleanor Roosevelt wrote about December 7th in This I Remember
p 233, that FDR became "in a way more serene." In the NY Times Magazine
of October 8, 1944 she wrote: "Dec. 7 was...far from the shock it proved
to the country in general. We had expected something of the sort for a
long time."
7 December - 3:00 PM "The (war cabinet) conference met
in not too tense an atmosphere because I think that all of us believed
that in the last analysis the enemy was Hitler...and that Japan had given
us an opportunity." Harry Hopkins, Dec. 7 Memo (Roosevelt and Hopkins
R Sherwood, p. 431)
7 December - 9 hours later, MacArthur's entire air force
was caught by surprise and wiped out in the Philippines. His reaction to
the news of Pearl Harbor was quite unusual - he locked himself in his room
all morning and refused to meet with his air commander General Brereton,
and refused to attack Japanese forces on Formosa even under orders from
the War Department. MacArthur gave three conflicting orders that ensured
the planes were on the ground most of the morning. MacArthur used radar
tracking of the Japanese planes at 140, 100, 80, 60, down to 20 miles to
time his final order and ensure his planes were on the ground. Strategically,
the destruction of half of all US heavy bombers in the world was more important
than naval damage in Pearl Harbor. Either MacArthur had committed the greatest
blunder in military history or he was under orders to allow his forces
to be destroyed. If it were the greatest blunder in history, it is remarkable
how he escaped any reprimand, kept his command and got his fourth star
and Congressional Medal of Honor shortly later. Prange argued, "How could
the President ensure a successful Japanese attack unless he confided in
the commanders and persuaded them to allow the enemy to proceed unhindered?"
7 December - 8:30 PM, FDR said to his cabinet, "We have
reason to believe that the Germans have told the Japanese that if Japan
declares war, they will too. In other words, a declaration of war by Japan
automatically brings..." at which point he was interrupted, but his expectation
and focus is clear. Mrs. Frances Perkins, Secretary of Labor, observed
later about FDR: "I had a deep emotional feeling that something was wrong,
that this situation was not all it appeared to be." Mrs. Perkins was obsessed
by Roosevelt's strange reactions that night and remarked particularly on
the expression he had:" In other words, there have been times when I associated
that expression with a kind of evasiveness."
FDR met with CBS newsman Edward R. Murrow at midnight.
Murrow, who had seen many statesmen in crises, was surprised at FDR's calm
reaction. After chatting about London, they reviewed the latest news from
PH and then FDR tested Murrow's news instincts with these 2 bizarre giveaway
questions: "Did this surprise you?" Murrow said yes. FDR: "Maybe you think
it didn't surprise us?" FDR gave the impression that the attack itself
was not unwelcome. This is the same high-strung FDR that got polio when
convicted of perjury; the same FDR that was bedridden for a month when
he learned Russia was to be attacked; the same FDR who couldn't eat or
drink when he got the Japanese order to sail.
8 December - In a conversation with his speechwriter Rosenman,
FDR "emphasized that Hitler was still the first target, but he feared that
a great many Americans would insist that we make the war in the Pacific
at least equally important with the war against Hitler."
Later, Jonathan Daniels, administrative assistant and
press secretary to FDR said, "The blow was heavier than he had hoped it
would necessarily be...But the risks paid off; even the loss was worth
the price..."
FDR reminisced with Stalin at Tehran on November 30,
1943, saying "if the Japanese had not attacked the US he doubted very much
if it would have been possible to send any American forces to Europe."
Compare this statement with what FDR said at the Atlantic Conference 4
months before Pearl: "Everything was to be done to force an 'incident'
to justify hostitlities." Given that a Japanese attack was the only possible
incident, then FDR had said he would do it.
Information Known in Washington and Hawaii
October 9-December 7, 1941
Date |
Item |
Washington |
Kimmel |
Short |
Oct. 9 |
"Bombplot" message |
X |
|
|
Nov. 26-28 |
"Winds" setup message |
X |
X [1] |
|
Nov. 26 |
Location of carriers |
X |
|
|
Dec. 1 |
Japanese declaration of
war |
X |
|
|
Dec. 2-6 |
Code destruction |
X [2] |
X |
X |
Dec. 4 |
"Winds execute" message |
X |
|
X[3] |
Dec. 4 |
US at war with Japan via
ADB |
X |
|
|
Dec. 5 |
British Admiralty Alert |
X |
|
|
Dec. 6-7 |
"14 Part" message |
X |
|
|
Dec. 7 |
"One o'clock" message |
X |
|
|
[1] Admiral Kimmel learned of the "winds" code in a Nov.
28th
dispatch to him from the US Asiatic
Fleet. JCC, p. 470.
[2] DC informed HI that codes were being burned world-wide
so when they
learned the local consulate burned
codes they would not go on alert.
[3] General Short was given the Winds Execute by British
IQ.
Note that none of the 3 diplomatic messages or the
many naval messages
identifying Pearl as the target were forwarded (not
to mention HUMINT).
Only 5 of the 74 Navy IQ packets delivered to FDR
in the 2 weeks before
Dec 7 can be found
COMMISSIONS AND COVERUP
The issue of whether FDR and Washington were responsible
for Pearl Harbor was decided in two courts of law in 1944. Both the Navy
Court and the Army Board found Washington guilty.
-
NAVY Court of Inquiry
-
!!!Top Secret ARMY Board Report!!! Oct, 1944: "Now let
us turn to the fateful period between November 27 and December 6, 1941.
In this period numerous pieces of information came to our State, War, and
Navy Departments in all of their Top ranks indicating precisely the intentions
of the Japanese including the probable exact hour and date of the attack.
" In response to this report, Marshall offered his resignation - the sign
of a guilty conscience. Marshall testified at the MacArthur hearings that
he considered loyalty to his chief superior to loyalty to his country.
-
JOINT CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE on the Investigation of
the Pearl Harbor Attack, Nov 15, 1945 to May 31, 1946, proved that there
had been so much reversion of testimony, coverup and outright lies that
the truth would have to wait until all Pearl Harbor records were declassified.
Most of the conspirators were military men, all
men of FDR's own choice, men who only followed orders and FDR never delegated
authority. Stark, in answer to charges that he denied IQ to Hawaii, said
publicly in August 1945 that everything he did pre-Dec 7, 1941 was on FDR's
orders. The handfull of military men in DC responsible for the disaster
at Pearl Harbor were directly under the control of FDR and were later promoted
and protected from investigation; promoted with FDR's full knowledge that
they were responsible for not warning Hawaii. On the record, Intelligence
tried to warn HI scores of times but were prevented by FDR's men.
STATISTICS - ROOSEVELT WAS DIRECTLY RESPONSIBLE FOR
THE FOLLOWING
American
Deaths: 2403; Wounded 1,178.
Eighteen ships were sunk or seriously damaged including
5 battleships (USS Arizona photo).
188 planes were destroyed and 162 were damaged.
Japanese
Out of an attack force of 31 ships and 353 raiding
planes the Japanese lost:
64 deaths,
29 planes,
5 midget submarines.
CONCLUSION - ROOSEVELT WAS A TRAITOR
The US was warned by, at least, the governments of Britain,
Netherlands, Australia, Peru, Korea and the Soviet Union that a surprise
attack on Pearl Harbor was coming. Most, if not all, Japanese codes were
broken. FDR and Marshall and others knew the attack was coming, allowed
it and covered up their knowledge. It's significant that both the the chief
of OP-20-G Safford and Friedman of Army SIS, the two people in the world
that knew what we decoded, said that FDR knew Pearl Harbor was going to
be attacked.
Pearl Harbor was not about war with Japan - It was
about war with GERMANY |
HITLER WOULD NOT DECLARE WAR IF U.S. UNBEATABLE
OBJECTIVE: War with Germany. How do you bait Hitler to
declare war on you? You don't get it by looking unbeatable!
Direct provocation in Atlantic had failed - Hitler
didn't bite.
FDR knew from magic that if Japan attacked,
Germany would declare war.
Therefore: the problem was how to maneuver Japan into
firing the first shot or make the first overt act. Japan must succeed or
Hitler would renege.
War with Japan was a given because they had to attack
the Philippines. If Japan's fleet were destroyed, it would defeat the purpose.
It would have been obvious suicide for Hitler to declare war if Japan were
crippled - it would allow the US to attack him without even the possibility
of a two-front war. That was what he had just been avoiding for months.
The plan could only work if Japan's attack succeeded. The lure of a weakened
US in a two-front war focused on Japan seemed to make a German war declaration
cost-free. But it was all a trap - FDR was always going to ignore Japan
and go after Hitler, for his ultimate goal was to save his beloved Soviet
Communism.
In November FDR ordered the Red Cross Disaster Relief
director to secretly prepare for massive casualties at Pearl Harbor because
he was going to let it be attacked. When he protested to the President,
President Roosevelt told him that "the American people would never agree
to enter the war in Europe unless they were attack [sic] within their own
borders." See
U.S.
Naval Institute - Naval History - Advance Warning? The Red Cross Connection
by Daryl S. Borgquist
CHURCHILL--FDR KNEW. Did FDR know that Pearl
Harbor was a Japanese target? Answer: FDR planned Pearl Harbor to
be their target. He ordered the ships in and the carriers out. Churchill
wrote about Pearl Harbor that FDR and his top advisors "knew
the full and immediate purpose of their enemy." (GRAND
ALLIANCE p 603) Churchill's entire discussion of Pearl Harbor was a
justification of treason, e.g.: "A Japanese attack upon the U.S. was a
vast simplification of (FDR's and advisors') problems and their duty. How
can we wonder that they regarded the actual form of the attack, or even
its scale, as incomparably less important than the fact that the whole
American nation would be united...?"
J. Edgar Hoover told his friends in early 1942 that
FDR had known about the Pearl Harbor plan since the early fall. It was
totally in character for FDR to concoct such a plan. Not only had the US
Senate already censured FDR for utterly lacking moral perspective, but
as Walter Lippmann wrote: "his purposes are not simple and his methods
are not direct." To get into the war, FDR used the Atlantic Fleet as bait
to be shot up; Pearl Harbor was the same thing in the Pacific. US Admiral
Bloch testified "The Japanese only destroyed a lot of old hardware. In
a sense they did us a favor." This was obviously FDR's view as well, because
on 7 December at 2:15, minutes after hearing of the attack and before any
damage reports were in, FDR called Lord Halifax at the British Embassy
and told him "Most of the fleet was at sea...none of their newer ships
were in harbour."
COVERUP BY SECRECY. Why does the government refuse
to release all the messages to the attack fleet, or any JN-25 messages
decoded before Dec 7? There is absolutely nothing about national security
to hide in JN-25. It is a trivial and worthless 19th century code. The
techniques for cracking it had been published world-wide in 1931. The US
government has proudly showed how they used JN-25 decrypts after December
8 to win the Battle of Midway which occurred 7 months after Pearl Harbor.
Therefore, there is nothing intrinsic about the code itself, the means
of cracking it, or the fact that we cracked it, that has any national security
implications of any nature. What is the difference between decrypts from
the Purple machine and decrypts from JN-25? The answer is simply that the
JN-25 messages contained the final operational details of the Pearl Harbor
attack, whereas the Purple did not.
WHAT ARE THEY HIDING? Why won't they let the truth
out? Such secrecy breeds mistrust in government. The only thing that is
left to hide are JN-25 decrypts and worksheets showing that the US and
Britain monitored the Japanese attack fleet all the way to Pearl Harbor.
That is the scandal. That is the big secret. It raises the issue of whether
the NSA is accessory after the fact to treason. However, the secrecy and
misdirection by the NSA about our capabilities with JN-25B and pre-war
messages proves there is something very wrong. The NSA has systematically
lied about the size of the JN25 books by a factor of 4 and about how many
codebreakers worked on the code in 1941 by a factor of 22. The NSA is an
evil Gestapo that is committed neither to truth nor open government nor
the rule of law. We live an Orwellian history in which treason is honored,
in which FDR's murder of thousands of young innocent men is good. In a
word, we are no different from the tyranny we decry. A self-governing people
must have truth to make proper decisions. By subverting the truth, the
National Security Agency is subverting our Democracy.
He who controls the past, controls the future. He
who controls the present, controls the past.
George Orwell
Tokyo had to send the daily bomb-plots, cabled from
its Honolulu consulate, to the attack fleet by JN-25 radio messages. The
pilots had to get their target information. "The news of the position of
enemy ships in Pearl Harbor comes again and again." - Lt. Cmdr. Chigusa,
executive officer of the attack fleet's Akigumo in his diary, December
4, 1941 (At Dawn We Slept, G. Prange, page 453). FDR got it, too.
FDR knew the Japanese pilots' targets as well as they did, because he got
their bomb-plots when they did. He had their specific targets, ship by
ship, in his hands at the White House. These messages would prove absolutely
that FDR knew that the attack fleet's target was Pearl Harbor and therefore
are not released. The unnecessary and illogical secrecy about pre-December
7, 1941, JN-25 decoding is conclusive evidence that there was wrongdoing
at the highest levels.
FDR was a traitor for maneuvering Japan into war with
US - and that is known and admitted - FDR was a traitor for sacrificing
American lives, for putting America in danger, for usurping the Constitutional
power of Congress to make war. Day of infamy, indeed; he chose his words
precisely with a hidden double-meaning. Four days before the attack, FDR
could have sent telegrams of condolence to the families of the sailors
he was going to allow to be killed. Even today there is a coverup, based
on a transparently bogus excuse of national security, that shows that our
government cannot face the truth about what happened a half-century ago.
Truth we owe the men of Pearl Harbor. Until we tell the full truth, we
dishonor them and every soldier and sailor who gave their life for their
country. Should their lives have been sacrificed for treason and no one
know, they had died in vain. If their honor cover treason - we are not
a nation of law. The Air Corps in the Philippines and the Navy at Pearl
were FDR's bait, the oil embargo was his stick, the end of negotiations
was the tripwire in FDR's game of shame - a game of death for so many.
Roosevelt aided and abetted the murder of thousands of Americans. |
|
Pearl
Harbor, Mother of All Conspiracies
"Very late on a cold, dark night in December, a British
emissary was driven through
the dreary streets of Washington. Inside his diplomatic
pouch he carried a secret
message marked Most Urgent Personal and Secret
to the President. It was a triple
priority message from the British Admiralty in
London that the USA was going to be
attacked at Pearl Harbor on December 7th. Lord
Halifax was swiftly shown into the
White House and conferred with Franklin Roosevelt.
Roosevelt's hopes soared;
his long-laid plans were about to be fulfilled.
It was December 5th, 1941." |
From
the Introduction
This definitive Revisionist Bible presents incontrovertable
proof that the United States read the main Japanese fleet code JN-25 prior
to Pearl Harbor. More than 200 hundred Japanese naval messages decoded
in 1941 are published.
It proves Washington knew Pearl Harbor was to be attacked
by publishing for the first time a 26 November 1941 Navy intelligence analysis
concluding that Japanese carriers were in the Kurile Islands poised to
attack Hawaii.
It settles the debate about whether a "Winds" message
was received.
It refutes the myth that the Striking Force maintained radio silence.
It reveals for the first time several of the most deeply kept secrets of
World War II.
It explains the sacrifice of Bataan.
It discloses the treason at Midway.
It details how FDR engineered Pearl Harbor to save his beloved Soviet Communism.
It analyzes how FDR sold out his country to be President for life.
For
Mother of Conspiracies documents and references,
as well as much more information, please refer to my book.
Yahoo!
's Pearl Harbor Page
The FDR
Scandal Page.
|